Just a few hours from the hustle and bustle of manila lies the idyllic island of

Mindoro, on the northern end can be found puerto galera a wild life heaven, with

tropical adventures to suit all tastes.
The natural world is here in abundance, its no wonder why it is listed on the national

heritage list of WWF,

Scuba diving, trekking and island hopping are all your disposal, and after a long day

soaking up the natural atmosphere the night life will keep you well dinned and

entertained, fine restaurants for all culinary tastes can be found to go along with

live music and dancing.

This coastal town is well known among tourists for its numerous pocket beaches and many

snorkeling and Scuba diving spots. The area was designated a Man and Biosphere Reserve

of UNESCO in 1973 and has some of the most diverse coral reef diving in Asia. The

marine environment has benefited in recent years from the influx of tourist dollars.

This has seen a huge reduction in the number of fishermen in the area, as they gain

higher revenue from tourists.

Puerto Galera is a listed by the Club of the Most Beautiful Bays of the World, and is

the only bay in the Philippines to be listed there.

Among the famous beaches in Puerto Galera are Sabang Beach and White Beach, which have

an active nightlife with numerous bars and restaurants. Both beaches also have an array

of first-class and economy-class accommodations.

Sabang beach is the main destination for foreign tourists, while White Beach remains

popular with local travelers.Big La Laguna Beach and Small La Laguna Beach are

considered part of Sabang with resorts lining the beaches. Big La Laguna Beach is

popular for local swimmers and snorkelers. Since 2001 White beach has seen uncontrolled

development. New restaurants and places to stay are rapidly encroaching on the beach

itself and little remains of the once charming beach. Puerto Galera town is a pleasant

but sleepy Philippine town with few attractions. It has a large central catholic church

and a Pier area, with a selection of bistros and cafes.

The Philippines is an archipelago of 7,107 islands with a total land area of

approximately 300,000 square kilometers (116,000 square miles). Its 36,289 kilometers

of coastline makes it the country with the 5th longest coastline in the world borders

the Philippine Sea on the east, the South China Sea on the west, and the Celebes Sea on

the south. The island of Borneo is located a few hundred kilometres southwest and

Taiwan is located directly to the north. The Moluccas and Sulawesi are located to the

south-southwest and Palau is located to the east of the islands.The Philippines

(Filipino: Pilipinas officially known as the Republic of the Philippines (Filipino:

Republika ng Pilipinas), is a country in Southeast Asia in the western Pacific Ocean.

Taiwan lies north across the Luzon Strait. West across the South China Sea sits

Vietnam. The Sulu Sea to the southwest separates it from the island of Borneo and to

the south the Celebes Sea from other islands of Indonesia. It is bounded on the east by

the Philippine Sea. An archipelago comprising 7,107 islands, the Philippines is

categorized broadly into three main geographical divisions: Luzon, Visayas, and

Mindanao. The capital city is Manila.

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Sinandigan wall is a beautiful dive site with a multitude of marine life at hand, from brightly colored nudi branches to free swimming schools of bait-fish, the observant eye can sometimes catch the swift predators such as travelly tracking there prey, the gently slopping reef lends itself to divers of all abilities and treasures await them in all the crevices and cragges which hold an abundance of macro marine life such as christmas tree worms tiny seahorses plus the larger morays often set up home in the day light hours to be safe and secure, while most dives here are open to all it has a fierce reputation as the most spectacular drift dive one can find if you know your tide tables

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A rebreather is a type of breathing set that provides a breathing gas containing oxygen and recycled exhaled gas. This recycling reduces the volume of breathing gas used, making a rebreather lighter and more compact than an open-circuit breathing set for the same duration in environments where humans cannot safely breathe from the atmosphere. In the armed forces it is sometimes called “CCUBA” (Closed Circuit Underwater Breathing Apparatus).

Rebreather technology is used in many environments:

* Underwater – where it is sometimes known as CCR = “closed circuit rebreather”, “closed circuit scuba”, “semi closed scuba”, SCR = “semi closed rebreather”, or CCUBA = “closed circuit underwater breathing apparatus”, as opposed to Aqua-Lung-type equipment, which is known as “open circuit scuba”.
* Mine rescue and in industry – where poisonous gases may be present or oxygen may be absent.
* Crewed spacecraft and space suits – outer space is, for all intents and purposes, a vacuum where there is no oxygen to support life.
* Hospital anaesthesia breathing systems – to supply controlled proportions of gases to patients without letting anaesthetic gas get into the atmosphere that the staff breathe.
Around 1620 in England, Cornelius Drebbel made an early oar-powered submarine. Records show that, to re-oxygenate the air inside it, he likely generated oxygen by heating saltpetre (sodium or potassium nitrate) in a metal pan to make it emit oxygen. That would turn the saltpetre into sodium or potassium oxide or hydroxide, which would tend to absorb carbon dioxide from the air around. That may explain how Drebbel’s men were not affected by carbon dioxide build-up as much as would be expected. If so, he accidentally made a crude rebreather nearly three centuries before Fleuss and Davis.

In 1853 Professor T. Schwann designed a rebreather in Belgium; he exhibited it in Paris in 1878.[4]

In 1878 Henry Fleuss invented the first certainly known rebreather using stored oxygen and absorption of carbon dioxide by an absorbent (here rope yarn soaked in caustic potash solution), to rescue mineworkers who were trapped by water.

The Davis Escape Set was the first rebreather which was practical for use and produced in quantity. It was designed about 1900 in Britain for escape from sunken submarines. Various industrial oxygen rebreathers (e.g. the Siebe Gorman Salvus and the Siebe Gorman Proto, both invented in the early 1900s) were descended from it; this link shows a Draeger rebreather used for mines rescue in 1907.

In 1903 to 1907 Professor Georges Jaubert, invented Oxylithe, which is a form of sodium peroxide (Na2O2) or sodium dioxide (NaO2). As it absorbs carbon dioxide it emits oxygen. In 1909 Captain S.S. Hall, R.N., and Dr. O. Rees, R.N., developed a submarine escape apparatus using Oxylithe; the Royal Navy accepted it. It was used for shallow water diving but never in a submarine escape[6]; it was used in the first filming (1907) of Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea.

The first known systematic use of rebreathers for diving was by Italian sport spearfishers in the 1930s. This practice came to the attention of the Italian Navy, which developed its frogman unit Decima Flottiglia MAS, which was used effectively in World War II.

In World War II captured Italian frogmen’s rebreathers influenced design of British frogmen’s rebreathers.[6] Many British frogmen’s breathing sets’ oxygen cylinders were German pilot’s oxygen cylinders recovered from shot-down German Luftwaffe planes. Those first breathing sets may have been modified Davis Submarine Escape Sets; their fullface masks were the type intended for the Siebe Gorman Salvus. But in later operations different designs were used, leading to a fullface mask with one big face window, at first oval like in this image, and later rectangular (mostly flat, but the ends curved back to allow more vision sideways). Early British frogman’s rebreathers had rectangular breathing bags on the chest like Italian frogman’s rebreathers; later British frogman’s rebreathers had a square recess in the top so they could extend further up onto his shoulders; in front they had a rubber collar that was clamped around the absorbent canister, as in the illustration below.

Some British armed forces divers used bulky thick diving suits called Sladen suits; one version of it had a flip-up single window for both eyes to let the user get binoculars to his eyes when on the surface.

In the early 1940s US Navy rebreathers were developed by Dr. Christian J. Lambertsen for underwater warfare and is considered by the US Navy as “the father of the Frogmen”.[ Lambertsen held the first closed-circuit oxygen rebreather course in the United States for the Office of Strategic Services maritime unit at the Naval Academy on 17 May 1943

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